This comprehensive guide explains SSDI eligibility, application process, qualifying medical conditions, work credit requirements, and benefit calculation. It aims to help prospective applicants understand how SSDI can support them during disability, providing clarity on qualification criteria and application steps for financial assistance due to disability.

Understanding SSDI: Key Questions Answered

Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) offers financial relief to individuals who are unable to work due to medical conditions. It supports workers who become disabled before reaching retirement age, often called "worker disability."

Who is eligible for SSDI?

Applicants must be citizens or legal residents with a medical condition that prevents them from working for at least one year. They need to demonstrate disability to the Social Security Administration (SSA).

In addition, qualifying applicants usually have sufficient work history and have paid Social Security taxes (FICA). Those with limited work experience or low income may qualify for Supplemental Security Income (SSI), provided they have enough work credits.

How many work credits are necessary for SSDI?

To be eligible, individuals need to earn enough work credits—up to four per year. The required credits depend on age at disability. For example, at age 50, around 28 credits (about seven years of work) are needed, with at least five earned in the last decade.

What medical conditions qualify for SSDI?

Applicants must have a medical impairment that is severe, long-lasting, and impacts basic work activities, expected to last at least a year. The condition must prevent the individual from performing substantial gainful activity (SGA) for a minimum of 12 months.

How do I apply for SSDI?

Applications can be submitted online, by phone, or in person at SSA offices. Before applying, applicants should complete the SSA Disability Report for adults, detailing health, employment history, and family info.

How is the SSDI benefit amount calculated?

Benefits are based on the applicant’s earnings history, adjusted for inflation, called the average indexed monthly earnings (AIME). The Primary Insurance Amount (PIA) is calculated as a percentage of the AIME, updated yearly. Family maximums may also apply, ranging from 100% to 188% of the PIA based on dependents.