This comprehensive guide explains Social Security Disability Benefits (SSDI), including eligibility requirements based on work history and medical standards. It covers the benefits application process, post-approval payments, and appeals procedures. Learn how SSDI can provide crucial financial support for individuals with long-term disabilities, the criteria for qualification, and steps to take if a claim is denied. Stay informed with essential safety net details for those unable to work due to health issues.

Understanding Social Security Disability Benefits: A Complete Guide

Facing health issues that hinder work before retirement can be challenging physically, emotionally, and financially. The Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program provides financial assistance for eligible individuals. Qualification depends on specific work history and medical standards.

Eligibility Criteria Based on Work History

The work credits needed depend on your age when disability begins. For example, a 50-year-old applicant generally needs at least 28 credits, which usually means having worked of seven years, including five within the last decade, to qualify for benefits.

Medical Eligibility Standards

Your medical condition must meet SSA’s disability criteria. Benefits are for those with long-term, severe, and total disabilities.

Long-term disability: The condition must last or be expected to last at least a year.

Severe disability: The impairment must significantly limit basic work activities.

Total disability: Defined as inability to perform substantial gainful activity (SGA) for at least a year.

If you are working and earning above SSA’s SGA limit, you typically won’t qualify for SSDI, as you're considered capable of work.

Benefits After Approval

Once approved, benefits are usually issued after a five-month waiting period. They include backpay and ongoing monthly payments. Income exceeding certain levels may be taxed. Family members might be eligible for partial benefits. Benefits continue as long as the medical condition prevents work. The SSA reviews cases periodically (every 1-3 years) to verify continued eligibility.

Handling Denials

If your application is denied, you can appeal within 60 days. The process varies depending on the denial reason.

Reconsideration by a different examiner.

If denied again, a hearing before an administrative law judge.

Note: Our information is research-based but should not be viewed as definitive. We do not guarantee accuracy, and some benefits or options may not be included here but could be more advantageous.