Learn about age-related macular degeneration, its causes, different forms, symptoms, risk factors, and recent treatment innovations. Discover how early detection and lifestyle changes can help manage and slow progression of this eye condition.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of central vision loss, mainly affecting individuals over 50. It hampers activities like reading and recognizing faces by damaging the central part of the retina called the macula. AMD appears in two forms: dry and wet. Dry AMD involves gradual deterioration of light-sensitive cells, leading to drusen buildup, while wet AMD is characterized by abnormal blood vessels leaking fluids or blood, causing rapid vision decline. Recent advancements include anti-VEGF therapies, laser treatments, and emerging regenerative procedures. Early detection through regular eye exams is essential for managing AMD effectively.

Risk Factors

Aging and family history are primary risks.

Smokers, individuals exposed to high UV rays, and those with high blood pressure or obesity are more susceptible.

Prevention and Management

Adopt a diet high in leafy greens and antioxidants.

Protect eyes from sun exposure with UV-blocking sunglasses.

Regular eye check-ups, especially after age 65, are crucial.

Use tools like the Amsler grid daily to monitor any vision changes.

Supplements such as zinc and antioxidants can reduce AMD risk.

Maintaining ocular health through lifestyle choices and early intervention significantly improves the potential for preserving vision.