This article provides key insights into Helicobacter pylori infection, covering its prevalence, symptoms, transmission routes, and treatment options. Early diagnosis and good hygiene practices are emphasized as vital for preventing severe health complications, including stomach ulcers and cancer.

Helicobacter pylori, also known as H. pylori, is a common bacterial infection affecting the digestive tract. It is estimated that about 60% of adults globally carry this bacteria, with higher prevalence in Western countries. Its spiral structure enables it to penetrate the stomach lining, often resulting in ulcers. If left untreated, it can lead to severe health problems, including bleeding, blockage, or even stomach cancer. Many carriers are asymptomatic, though some may experience symptoms like stomach pain, bloating, nausea, or acid reflux. Transmission mainly occurs through contaminated food, water, or poor hygiene practices. Early detection and treatment are crucial to avoid serious complications. Treatment typically involves antibiotics combined with medications to reduce stomach acid, often administered as a triple therapy. Good hygiene, avoiding irritants such as spicy foods, alcohol, and tobacco, along with regular medical check-ups, can help manage or prevent infection, especially if there's a family history of gastric issues.