This article provides essential insights into stomach cancer, covering risk factors, early symptoms, diagnostic procedures, and treatment options. Emphasizing prevention and early detection, it guides readers on reducing risks like H. pylori infection, unhealthy diets, and smoking. Recognizing symptoms early can lead to timely intervention, improving treatment success. The article highlights treatments including surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies, along with lifestyle modifications for prevention.

Recognizing and Preventing Stomach Cancer: Key Information

Gastric cancer, also known as stomach malignancy, develops from the lining of the stomach. It tends to progress gradually, allowing opportunities for early detection and effective intervention. While the exact cause is not fully understood, several factors can increase the risk of developing this condition.

Risk Elements
Helicobacter pylori infection
Chronic inflammation of the stomach lining
Persistent anemia or polyps
Smoking
Obesity
Infection with Epstein-Barr virus
Employment in metal, wood, coal, or rubber industries
Exposure to asbestos
Blood group A
Family history and genetic factors
Diets high in salt and salted foods

Initial Signs
Indigestion and feeling bloated after meals
Heartburn
Nausea and appetite loss

As the tumor enlarges, additional symptoms may include:
Stomach pain
Blood in stool
Vomiting and unintentional weight loss
Difficulty swallowing
Jaundice (yellow skin and eyes)
Abdominal swelling
Changes in bowel habits, such as constipation or diarrhea
Fatigue and persistent indigestion

To confirm diagnosis, healthcare professionals may utilize blood tests, endoscopy, CT scans, GI series, or biopsies. Treatment strategies are personalized based on patient age, overall health, and cancer stage.

The common treatments for gastric cancer are:
Surgery: Removing part or all of the stomach and nearby tissues affected by cancer. In advanced cases, total gastrectomy may be performed, sometimes combined with stent placement to support digestion.
Chemotherapy: Using drugs administered orally or intravenously to target and destroy cancer cells, often over several weeks. Side effects are possible.
Radiation Therapy: Applying high-energy radiation to eradicate cancer cells and reduce tumor size.
Combined Chemoradiation: Simultaneous use of chemotherapy and radiation for better outcomes.
Targeted Therapy: Specialized drugs designed to attack only cancer cells, sparing healthy tissues.

Maintaining a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, while limiting salty and pickled foods, can help reduce risk. Prompt treatment of H. pylori infections and ulcers is also an effective preventive strategy.