This article explores respiratory system diseases affecting both upper and lower airways. It covers common infections, inflammation, and chronic conditions like asthma and emphysema, emphasizing diagnosis and management strategies for better health outcomes.

Respiratory Diseases: Issues in the Upper and Lower Airways

The respiratory system encompasses the nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx, bronchi, lungs, and alveoli. The upper respiratory tract, including the nose and sinuses, is responsible for filtering, warming, and humidifying inspired air. Common problems such as viral or bacterial infections can cause inflammation, particularly in structures like adenoids and tonsils. The nose acts as the first barrier, trapping particles with hair and mucus, often resulting in colds. Sinus infections lead to inflamed sinus cavities. The lower respiratory system, which includes the bronchi and lungs, can be affected by conditions like asthma and emphysema. Emphysema damages alveoli, impairing oxygen exchange, while asthma involves bronchial narrowing often due to allergens. Management includes avoiding irritants, medications like bronchodilators, expectorants, and surgical procedures in severe cases.

Comprehending respiratory health issues enhances prevention and treatment. Early detection and proper therapy can significantly boost quality of life. Consult healthcare professionals if symptoms persist or worsen.