Learn about five common joint disorders including osteoarthritis, spondyloarthritis, bursitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. Discover their symptoms, causes, and the latest treatment options to manage these prevalent conditions effectively and improve joint health with proper care and therapy.

Five Common Joint Conditions and Their Management

Joints connect bones and enable movement within the human body. Over time, joint issues often arise due to cartilage breakdown or general wear. Arthritis is among the most common problems, particularly in older adults. Recognizing different joint disorders is key to effective treatment. Below are five prevalent joint conditions everyone should be familiar with:

Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis predominantly affects older adults, with approximately 10% of men and 13% of women over age 60 experiencing symptoms. It results from cartilage loss at the ends of bones, typically impacting the spine, hands, hips, and knees. If untreated, it can cause bone damage and reduced mobility. Treatments include medications, physiotherapy, and surgery depending on severity.

Spondyloarthritis is a type of inflammatory rheumatic condition affecting the spine, chest, hips, fingers, knees, or toes. It’s believed to be associated with the HLA-B27 gene. Treatment may include medications, physical therapy, or surgery if necessary.

Bursitis occurs when fluid accumulates in small sacs called bursae that cushion joints, muscles, and tendons—commonly in shoulders, elbows, or hips. It often results from injury, repetitive motion, or infections, presenting as pain and swelling. Management involves anti-inflammatory drugs, rest, and compression to reduce swelling.

Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks joint tissues, leading to inflammation and potential cartilage and bone damage. Treatments include NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and in severe cases, joint replacement surgery.

Gout is caused by uric acid crystal buildup, mainly affecting the big toe, especially in men and women approaching menopause. Dietary modifications combined with medications like NSAIDs effectively reduce symptoms.